Hollow fiber membranes present a compelling solution for water treatment applications due to their unique geometric characteristics and exceptional efficacy. These tubular structures, composed of ceramic materials, possess a large contact area to volume ratio, enabling efficient filtration of contaminants from water. The multilayered nature of hol

Wastewater treatment plants are facing increasing challenges to successfully remove pollutants and produce high-quality effluent. Traditional techniques often struggle in eliminating certain contaminants, leading to water quality concerns. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has emerged as a potential solution for improving wastewater treatment pr